【Farqiga】
Meesha dhalaalaysa ee acetic acid-ka saafiga ah waa 16.7 darajo, markaa acetic acid waxay samayn doontaa baraf ka dib marka heerkulku hooseeyo, waxaana loo yaqaannaa glacial acetic acid. Acid acid waa magaca guud, waxay noqon kartaa nadiif sare, sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa nadiif hoose. Glacial acetic acid iyo acetic acid waa walxo isku mid ah, oo leh ur aad u daran, faraqa waa kaliya haddii ay adag tahay, acetic acid guud ahaan waa dareere heerkulka qolka 20 ° C, guud ahaanna waa mid adag heerkulka hoose ee 16 ° C, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan glacial acetic acid.
Glacial acetic acid (xaalad saafi ah), taas oo ah, anhydrous acetic acid, acetic acid waa mid ka mid ah acids organic muhiim ah, xeryahooda organic. Waxay ku adkeysaa baraf heerkul hooseeya waxaana badanaa loo yaqaannaa glacial acetic acid. Ballaarinta mugga inta lagu jiro adkeynta waxay keeni kartaa weelka inuu dillaaco. Barta tooshku waa 39 ℃, xadka qaraxu waa 4.0% ~ 16.0%, iyo fiirsashada la ogol yahay ee hawadu kama badna 25mg/m3. Ashitada saafiga ah ee acetic acid waxay ku barafoobi doontaa kiristaalo u eg barafka oo ka hooseeya barta dhalaalka, sidaa darteed anhydrous acetic acid waxa kale oo loo yaqaan glacial acetic acid.
Intaa waxaa dheer, acetic acid waa wakiilka dhadhanka aashitada ee ugu horreeya uguna isticmaalka badan Shiinaha. Acid acid (36%-38%), glacial acetic acid (98%), formula kiimikaad CH3COOH, waa monic acid organic, qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee khalka.
Habka 】
Aashitada Acetic waxaa lagu diyaarin karaa isku-dhafka macmalka ah iyo halsano bakteeriyada. Biosynthesis, isticmaalka halsano bakteeriyada, ayaa ka dhigan 10% kaliya ee wax soo saarka guud ee adduunka, laakiin weli waa habka ugu muhiimsan ee soo saarista acetic acid, gaar ahaan khalka, sababtoo ah dalal badan oo xeerarka badbaadada cuntada waxay u baahan yihiin in khalka cuntada lagu diyaariyo hababka noolaha, iyo halsano waxa loo qaybiyaa halsano aerobic iyo halsano anaerobic.
(1) Habka halsano Aerobic
Marka ay jirto ogsijiin ku filan, bakteeriyada Acetobacter waxay ka soo saari kartaa acetic acid cuntooyinka ay ku jiraan aalkolada. Caadiyan cider ama khamri lagu qaso badarka, malt, bariiska ama baradhada waa la shiiday oo la khamiiriyaa. Maaddooyinkan waxaa lagu khamiirin karaa acetic acid iyadoo ay jirto insaym katalytic ah oo hoos yimaada ogsijiinta.
(2) Habka halsano ee anaerobic
Qaar ka mid ah bakteeriyada anaerobic, oo ay ku jiraan qaar ka mid ah xubnaha Clostridium genus, waxay awoodaan inay si toos ah sonkorta ugu beddelaan acetic acid iyada oo aan loo baahnayn ethanol dhexdhexaad ah. Sukrose waxaa lagu khamiirin karaa acetic acid marka la waayo ogsijiinta.
Intaa waxaa dheer, bakteeriyayaal badan ayaa awood u leh inay ka soo saaraan acetic acid xeryahooda ay ku jiraan hal kaarboon oo keliya, sida methanol, carbon monoxide, ama isku dhafka carbon dioxide iyo hydrogen.
【 Codsiga】
1. Acetic acid derivatives: inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in synthesis of acetic anhydride, acetate, terephthalic acid, vinyl acetate/polyvinyl khamriga, cellulose acetate, ketonone, chloroacetic acid, halogenated acetic acid, iwm
2. Daawo: Acetic acid, sida dareeraha iyo alaabta ceeriin ee dawooyinka, waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa soo saarista penicillin G potassium, penicillin G sodium, procaine penicillin, kiniinnada antipyretic, sulfadiazine, sulfamethylisoxazole, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, acetylsalicylic acid, prednisnace , caffeine iyo kuwa kale oo dhexdhexaad ah: acetate, sodium diacetate, peracetic acid, iwm
3. Midabaynta iyo daabacaadda dunta iyo dheehidda: inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista midabada kala firdhisan iyo kuwa VAT, iyo sidoo kale daabacaadda dunta iyo rinjiyeynta.
4. Ammonia synthetic: Qaabka dareeraha ammonia ee copper acetate, loo isticmaalo sidii gaas la safeeyey si looga saaro qadar yar oo CO iyo CO2 ah oo ku jira.
5. Sawirada: Cunto loogu talagalay horumariyaha
6. In caag dabiici ah: loo isticmaalo sidii xinjirowga
7. Warshadaha dhismaha: sida xinjirowga lidka ku ah
Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa sidoo kale si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa daaweynta biyaha, fiilooyinka synthetic, sunta cayayaanka, balaastikada, maqaarka, daahan, processing biraha iyo warshadaha caag ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-18-2024